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“单独二孩” 1

人与机器人交互；机器人提升疗法；社会交互式机器人；机器人介导干预 1

人工流产 1

伤害评价指标 1

儿童乘员约束系统 1

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安全座椅 1

广州市 1

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病残儿；出生缺陷；孕前优生健康指导；再生育干预 1

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Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China

Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 21-29 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0744-2

摘要： China has the world’s largest burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, but the country has made considerable progress in preventing its mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in the past three decades. This feat is made possible due to the high coverage of birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine (HepB,>95%), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening for pregnant women (>99%), and hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus HepB for newborns whose mothers are HBsAg positive (>99%). Studies on the optimal antiviral treatment regimen for pregnant women with high HBV-DNA load have also been conducted. However, China still faces challenges in eliminating MTCT of HBV. The overall HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women is considered an intermediate endemic. The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women from remote, rural, or ethnic minority areas is higher than that of the national level because of limited health resources and public health education for HBV. The coverage for maternal and child healthcare and immunization services should be improved, especially in western regions. Integration of current services to prevent MTCT of HBV with other relevant health services can increase the acceptability, efficiency, and coverage of these services, particularly in remote areas and ethnic minority areas. By doing so, progress toward key milestones and targets to eliminate hepatitis B as the main public health threat by 2030 can be achieved.

关键词： hepatitis B virus     mother-to-child transmission     progress     challenge    

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New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第4期   页码 570-575 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0552-5

摘要：

China recently instituted a two-child policy in response to its aging population, declining workforce and demographic dividend, and the need to develop asocial economy. Additionally, women generally delay having a second child because of the overwhelming pressure in their lives. With the improvements in assisted fertility technologies in recent years, the number of elderly women attempting to bear children has increased. The quality of woman’s eggs and a man’s sperm declined dramatically with increasing age, leading to an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications among older women. Therefore, the types of fertility problems experienced by elderly females must be provided with considerable attention by obstetricians. This commentary article focuses on the medical problems faced by older second-child pregnant women. This work discusses their increased rates of infertility, spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation, gestational diabetes, cesarean section, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, postpartum depression, and hypertensive disorders, which complicate pregnancy.

关键词： two-child policy     birth defects     cesarean delivery     placenta previa    

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育龄妇女非意愿妊娠原因分析与对策研究

王代权,刘长艳,向琼,马代慈

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期   页码 11-15

摘要：

采取整群抽样调查方法，对2011 年1 月—2013 年5 月在秭归县、夷陵区计划生育服务站因非意愿妊娠而实行人工终止妊娠对象，通过查阅病历资料和调查问卷，了解非意愿性妊娠原因及相关因素。1 360例非意愿妊娠中，未婚为21.62 %，已婚为78.38 %；人群分布在20～39 年龄段（73.82 %）；孕次分布主要在孕2～孕3 的对象为57.87 %；非意愿妊娠中避孕措施失败者为44.34 %，无措施者为55.66 %。避孕措施因素宫内节育器为10.51 %，避孕套为10.51 %，避孕药为8.24 %，外用为6.62 %，其他为8.46 %。存在侥幸心理和取出宫内节育器（IUD）后续措施没能跟进是无措施者导致非意愿妊娠的主要原因。避孕知识知晓率为98.90 %，对紧急避孕的知晓率仅为15.37 %，知道哺乳期需避孕者为18.38 %。医务人员、计生干部、宣传资料是已婚人群获取避孕知识的主要途径，农民及农民工对象获取免费服务高于城镇居民、国家工作人员、商业服务人员及外来流入人员。

关键词： 育龄妇女     非意愿妊娠     人工流产     影响因素    

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Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1

摘要： The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium (Se) concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Tibet. The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected, and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry. The Se concentrations in child hair were (0.13±0.04) and (0.18±0.07) µg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively, which are significantly different. In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet, the Se concentration of hair in KBD- affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas, being (0.28±0.03) and (0.18±0.04) µg/g respectively. There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution. Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body. Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.

关键词： different     relationship     non-disease     selenium     KBD distribution    

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儿童乘员约束系统研究现状与展望

方园,吴光强

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第8期   页码 81-85

摘要：

儿童乘员约束系统也称儿童安全座椅，是一项新兴的研究领域。随着儿童乘员数量的上升，对于能够有效地保护儿童乘员安全的约束系统的研究具有特殊的重要意义。介绍了儿童乘员约束系统与成人乘员约束系统在分类和组成上的区别，以及相应的发展和健全的安全法规；展望了先进的设计理论、计算机仿真技术应用和系统型研究策略给儿童乘员约束系统研究开辟的前景。

关键词： 儿童乘员约束系统     安全座椅     台车试验     伤害评价指标     评价程序    

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广州市“单独二孩”登记群体特征分析

唐运革,李飞成,韩立薇

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期   页码 82-85

摘要：

目的：分析和预测生育政策调整对个体及社会带来的各种影响，及时防范这些影响可能导致的各种社会问题。方法：以广州市2 099对“单独二孩”登记夫妻群体为例，分析这一群体人口学等方面的特征。结果：符合“可生育二孩”政策的8万个家庭中受理申请者占26.7 %，有36.5 %的夫妇未确定生育第二胎的时间，35岁以上妇女占妇女总人数的15 %。结论：“单独二孩”政策的实施不会出现“人口暴增”现象，要特别注意高龄产妇生育风险的评估和保障。

关键词： “单独二孩”     群体特征     广州市    

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Efficacy and safety of perioperative parecoxib for acute postoperative pain treatment in children: a meta-analysis

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 496-507 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0414-y

摘要：

Perioperative parecoxib administration reduces postoperative pain, opioid consumption, and adverse events in adult patients. However, the efficacy and safety of parecoxib in children remain unclear. This meta-analysis included related published studies to address this concern. Eight databases in the literature until February 2015 were systematically explored to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing perioperative parecoxib administration and placebo/standard treatments for acute postoperative pain in children. Primary outcomes were postoperative pain scores and adverse events. The Face, Legs, Activity, Crying, Consolability scale was used to score pain in children younger than 6 years, whereas the Visual Analog Scale was used in children older than 6 years. Secondary outcomes were sedation scores (measured using the Ramsay scale), agitation scores (measured using the Sedation-Agitation Scale), and opioid consumption. The methodological quality of RCTs was independently assessed in accordance with the “Risk of bias” of Cochrane Collaboration. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.2. Twelve RCTs involving 994 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared with children who received placebo treatment, those who received parecoxib demonstrated lower early (2 h) and later (12 h) postoperative pain scores; lower incidence rates of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and agitation; higher early (1 h) postoperative sedation scores; and lower agitation scores. Similarly, children who received parecoxib had lower early (2 h) and later (12 h) postoperative pain scores, lower incidence rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and lower early (1 h) postoperative sedation scores compared with those who received standard treatments; however, these children showed no significant difference in agitation scores. Unfortunately, data on the effect of parecoxib on opioid consumption were insufficient. Overall, these results suggested that perioperative parecoxib administration was associated with less acute postoperative pain and fewer adverse events compared with placebo or standard treatments. Parecoxib administration also resulted in less emergence agitation compared with placebo treatment and less excessive sedation concern compared with standard treatments. However, the long-term effects, effects on opioid consumption, and patient satisfaction of parecoxib administration warrant further investigation.

关键词： NSAID     cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor     child     pain     postoperative     opioid     placebo    

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Current recommendations of managing HBV infection in preconception or pregnancy

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 158-165 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0340-4

摘要：

Hepatitis B remains a leading cause of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation worldwide. Management of chronic hepatitis B during pregnancy is challenging. Transmission of hepatitis B to infants still occurs perinatally although immunoprophylaxis is widely available for infants born to mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection. The emerging data suggest that initiation of antiviral therapy in the beginning of the third trimester in highly viremic mothers can prevent immunoprophylaxis failure in their infants. The available drug safety data show that lamivudine, telbivudine and tenofovir are generally safe to be used during the pregnancy. In order to minimize the fetal exposure to the antiviral medication, antiviral therapy during the pregnancy should be limited to a selected group of patients with cirrhosis, high hepatitis B viral load, or prior history immunoprophylaxis failure. An elective Caesarean section may reduce the risk of perinatal transmission. For those females planning for pregnancy or in early stage of pregnancy, communication and follow-up among obstetrician, gastroenterologist, and primary care physician are important. In this article, we will review the features of hepatitis B infection before, during and after the pregnancy; the risk factors that increase mother-to-child transmission; safety data on antiviral drug use during pregnancy; and the potential role of Caesarean section in selected cases.

关键词： antiviral therapy     Caesarean section     cirrhosis     hepatitis B     immunoprophylaxis     mother-to-child transmission     pregnancy     prevention    

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Fibrous dysplasia involving the calvarium in children?

Chunquan CAI, Qian LI, Qingjiang ZHANG, Changhong SHEN

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 211-215 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0024-7

摘要： To gain a broader appreciation of the clinical presentation, operative treatment, and outcome of fibrous dysplasia involving the calvarium in children, we retrospectively reviewed a series of cases of fibrous dysplasia involving the calvarium (4 males and 2 females) with patients’ age ranging from 5 to 12 years old. The clinical manifestation, radiographic findings, surgical treatment, outcome and follow-up were evaluated on the basis of medical records. Fibrous dysplasia in the series was monostotic, involving frontal bone (2 cases), temporal bone (1 case), parietal bone (2 cases) and occipital bone (1 case). The patients most commonly presented with enlarging mass and cosmetic complaints. The treatment given, depending on clinical presentation, was simple biopsy with conservative follow-up (2 cases) to cranial resection (4 cases). All the cases were histopathologically confirmed as fibrous dysplasia. It was demonstrated thatfibrous dysplasia involving the calvarium is a typically benign but slowly progressive disorder of bone. Modern imaging modalities and histopathologic analysis have made diagnosis relatively straightforward. Surgery should be reserved for patients with functional impairment or cosmetic deformity. Because of the benign nature of the condition, the surgery itself should be contemplated with great caution in children.

关键词： fibrous dysplasia     calvarium     monostotic     child    

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Venous thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: a report from the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group-ALL-2015

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 518-526 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0958-6

摘要： Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The Chinese Children’s Cancer Group-ALL-2015 protocol was carried out in China, and epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed. We collected data on VTE in a multi-institutional clinical study of 7640 patients with ALL diagnosed in 20 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2019. First, VTE occurred in 159 (2.08%) patients, including 90 (56.6%) during induction therapy and 108 (67.92%) in the upper extremities. T-ALL had a 1.74-fold increased risk of VTE (95% CI 1.08–2.8, P = 0.022). Septicemia, as an adverse event of ALL treatment, can significantly promote the occurrence of VTE (P < 0.001). Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) accounted for 75.47% (n = 120); and, symptomatic VTE, 58.49% (n = 93), which was more common in patients aged 12–18 years (P = 0.023), non-CRT patients (P < 0.001), or patients with cerebral thrombosis (P < 0.001). Of the patients with VTE treated with anticoagulation therapy (n = 147), 4.08% (n = 6) had bleeding. The VTE recurrence rate was 5.03% (n = 8). Patients with VTE treated by non-ultrasound-guided venous cannulation (P = 0.02), with residual thrombus (P = 0.006), or with short anticoagulation period (P = 0.026) had high recurrence rates. Thus, preventing repeated venous puncture and appropriately prolonged anticoagulation time can reduce the risk of VTE recurrence.

关键词： acute lymphoblastic leukemia     child     venous thromboembolism     epidemiology     clinical characteristic     risk factor    

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连云港市病残儿童资料分析及孕前优生干预其父母再生育效果研究

赵玉凤,谢炜,裴丹,王其军,张立华,段玉秋,李 琴,刘艳丽,王 英

《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期   页码 36-40

摘要：

目的：分析连云港市病残儿童资料，通过孕前优生健康检查干预其近五年病残儿父母再生育，预防病残儿的发生风险。方法：对连云港市2008―2012年经过医学鉴定的病残儿的资料进行分析，比较其五年间数量、地区、性别分布、疾病顺位变化等，发放调查问卷了解其在生育病残儿之前的基本情况；再次怀孕后有无优生指导、超生排畸、唐筛、妊娠结局、分娩方式等调查，分析干预效果。结果：近五年通过医学鉴定符合病残儿童标准的1 046例五年间无明显变化；城区较农村多；男性较女性多；疾病顺位排序先天性心脏病位于第一位。通过干预，收回问卷中先天性心脏病父母再生育72例均为正常儿，其次脑瘫患儿父母再生育35例均为正常儿。结论：病残儿鉴定父母通过孕前优生健康检查，完成整个孕前保健、风险评估到个性化咨询指导一系列干预后再生育均为正常儿，干预效果明显，减少了不良妊娠结局的发生，对预防和降低再次生育病残儿的发生非常重要。

关键词： 病残儿；出生缺陷；孕前优生健康指导；再生育干预    

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儿童与机器人交互过程中的注意力转移：对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的初步临床研究 Special Feature on Intelligent Robats

Guo-bin WAN, Fu-hao DENG, Zi-jian JIANG, Sheng-zhao LIN, Cheng-lian ZHAO, Bo-xun LIU, Gong CHEN, Shen-hong CHEN, Xiao-hong CAI, Hao-bo WANG, Li-ping LI, Ting YAN, Jia-ming ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第20卷 第3期   页码 374-387 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800555

摘要： 在孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）治疗和康复中，越来越需要引入社会交互式机器人作为辅助手段，以提升康复训练有效性和治疗多样性，缓解中国大陆和世界其它地方医疗人员短缺。为开展本次初步临床研究，在中国深圳4个不同康复设施/机构，对3个不同外观和功能的社会交互式机器人进行类似孤独症康复疗程的测试。包括52名孤独症儿童在内的74名参与者接受同时有3个不同机器人干预的测试，每位参与者与机器人交互过程由3台不同摄像机记录。统计数据源于收集的录像和大部分由参与者父母填写的问卷。初步临床研究有助于物理机器人设计和治疗环境下机器人评估。首先，设计物理机器人应优先考虑外观和功能。其次，采用类似视频中儿童注视方向和头部姿势分析注意力，定量测量儿童亲社会行为和动作（如注意力从一个特定机器人转移到其他机器人）。再次，观察计算视频剪辑中儿童与机器人探索/玩耍的时间频率，定性分析这些行为和动作。最后列举了本研究的局限性。

关键词： 人与机器人交互；机器人提升疗法；社会交互式机器人；机器人介导干预    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV: progress and challenges in China

Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu, Min Liu

期刊论文

New medical risks affecting obstetrics after implementation of the two-child policy in China

null

期刊论文

育龄妇女非意愿妊娠原因分析与对策研究

王代权,刘长艳,向琼,马代慈

期刊论文

Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

期刊论文

儿童乘员约束系统研究现状与展望

方园,吴光强

期刊论文

广州市“单独二孩”登记群体特征分析

唐运革,李飞成,韩立薇

期刊论文

Efficacy and safety of perioperative parecoxib for acute postoperative pain treatment in children: a meta-analysis

null

期刊论文

Current recommendations of managing HBV infection in preconception or pregnancy

null

期刊论文

Fibrous dysplasia involving the calvarium in children?

Chunquan CAI, Qian LI, Qingjiang ZHANG, Changhong SHEN

期刊论文

Venous thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: a report from the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group-ALL-2015

期刊论文

连云港市病残儿童资料分析及孕前优生干预其父母再生育效果研究

赵玉凤,谢炜,裴丹,王其军,张立华,段玉秋,李 琴,刘艳丽,王 英

期刊论文

儿童与机器人交互过程中的注意力转移：对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的初步临床研究

Guo-bin WAN, Fu-hao DENG, Zi-jian JIANG, Sheng-zhao LIN, Cheng-lian ZHAO, Bo-xun LIU, Gong CHEN, Shen-hong CHEN, Xiao-hong CAI, Hao-bo WANG, Li-ping LI, Ting YAN, Jia-ming ZHANG

期刊论文